The greenhouse is a daylighting building, so light transmittance is the most basic indicator for evaluating the light transmittance performance of the greenhouse. Light transmittance refers to the percentage of light entering the greenhouse to the amount of light outside. The light transmittance of the greenhouse is affected by the light transmittance of the greenhouse light-transmitting covering material and the shadow rate of the greenhouse frame. In addition, the light transmittance of the greenhouse changes at any time with the different angles of solar radiation in different seasons. The light transmittance of the greenhouse becomes a direct factor affecting crop growth and the selection of crop varieties. Generally, the light transmittance of the multi-span plastic greenhouse is 50%~60%, the light transmittance of the glass greenhouse is 60%~70%, and the light transmittance of the solar greenhouse can reach more than 70%.

Heating energy consumption is the main obstacle to the operation of the greenhouse in winter. Improving the thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse and reducing energy consumption are the most direct means to improve the production efficiency of the greenhouse. The thermal insulation ratio of the greenhouse is a basic indicator for measuring the thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse. The thermal insulation ratio of the greenhouse refers to the ratio of the coverage area of ​​the greenhouse light-transmitting material with smaller thermal resistance to the sum of the coverage area of ​​the greenhouse enclosure structure with larger thermal resistance and the ground area. The greater the insulation ratio, the better the insulation performance of the greenhouse.